Eating Disorders Eating Disorder - 1031 Words

â€Å"The eating disorder is a very jealous and abusive partner. It requires a lot of devotion in the extent that you have to devote yourself to tending to the anorexia. There s not a lot of time left over for adult life,† was stated by Dr. Doug Bunnell, a specialist in eating disorders. Eating disorders effect a variety of people. Age, race, and gender aren’t role playing keys in eating disorders. Not everyone gets an eating disorder, but if they do then, it will more than likely destroy their lives. The person with the eating disorder is affected and so are their families, and friends. Even though there are hundreds of programs to help with eating disorders, thousands of people still suffer from them. There is an estimated eight million Americans that have an eating disorder, seven million of them are women and one million are men (MDH). There are three common types of eating disorders anorexia, bulimia, and binge eating. Anorexia nervous which is mostly called anor exia, is an eating disorder generalized by extremely low body weight, fear of gaining weight, and a distorted self-image of their body’s (WebMD). With anorexia nervosa people will limit the amount of food they consume, and try to control their food intake by vomiting after they eat, using laxatives, or enemas, and by exercising an excessive amount. With bulimia when the person will eat enormous amount of food then try to emesis the food up or try to exercise to get rid of the calories they just consumed.Show MoreRelatedEating Disorders : Eating Disorder1205 Words   |  5 PagesEating Disorders in Today’s World Eating disorders are alive and well in today’s world and they are a major problem. An eating disorder can look like a few different things, ranging from a severe reduction of food intake to over eating to feelings of negativity towards your body shape or weight (Lehigh University). While some disorders can only be found in specific age groups, races, etc., eating disorders can be found amongst all and it does not necessarily have to be pointed towards food (LehighRead MoreEating Disorders : An Eating Disorder1184 Words   |  5 Pagesas an eating disorder. Weir (2016) goes on to explain the origins behind eating disorders in individuals. This topic is important because, in the United States, many women and men suffer from a clinically significant eating disorder at some point in their life. It is important to know the influences that cause an individual to experience an eating disorder. Genetically, or environmentally, or both genetically and environmentally. Anorexia ner vosa, bulimia nervosa, and binge eating disorder are eatingRead MoreEating Disorders And Eating Disorder1573 Words   |  7 Pagesaffects people called an â€Å"eating disorder.† Why did you choose this topic? I chose this topic because it is a very prevalent issue in our society today, and a close friend of mine is suffering from an eating disorder. What question(s) did you want to answer or what was your hypothesis regarding this topic? As mammals, there is no chance of escaping the need to consume food in everyday life. However, when it comes to food there can be a major concern of eating too much or eating too little. Doing eitherRead MoreEating Disorders : An Eating Disorder1906 Words   |  8 Pagesobtain their body goal, thus causing an eating disorder. An eating disorder is a psychological condition that is characterized by abnormal or disturbed eating habits. There are three types of eating disorders; which are Anorexia Nervosa, Bulimia Nervosa, and Binge Eating.These disorders affect all aspects of a person’s life, including their psychological, emotional, and physical health. There are many factors that contribute to individuals developing eating disorders including: genetics, family pressuresRead MoreEating Disorders And Eating Disorder1104 Words   |  5 PagesEating disorder is a serious problem happens in both men and women. Eating disorder is a sort of disease in which a person is having a st range routine of eating like consuming a huge amount of food each time they eat. This can incorporate not eating enough nourishment or indulging. Eating disorder influence many people around the world. The larger part of peoples who are dealing with this issue are ladies. A person with eating disorder issue may focus nonsensically on their weight and shape. EatingRead MoreEating Disorders And Eating Disorder1410 Words   |  6 Pagesâ€Å"An eating disorder is about anxiety and control and healing from trauma and food and weight are just the tools of destruction† (Floyd, Mimms, Yelding, 2008). An eating disorder is defined as a severe disturbance in eating behavior. An eating disorder, as defined by our text book for class, is psychological disturbances that lead to certain physiological changes and serious health complications. The three most common and most easily identifiable forms of eating disorders include anorexia nervosaRead MoreEating Disorders : Eating Disorder 966 Words   |  4 PagesEating Disorders Many people, both women and men of all ages, suffer from the psychological disorder, eating. Up to thirty million people in the world suffer from some kind of an eating disorder. There a two types of eating disorders, anorexia and bulimia, and have several methods of treatment. What is an eating disorder, and what do they cause? Eating disorders are maladaptive and very serious interruptions in eating. They can come in the form of overeating, or not eating enough, they are oftenRead MoreEating Disorders : Eating Disorder2461 Words   |  10 PagesEating Disorders Even though eating disorders are less prevalent in society today than they have been in the past, they are still one of the most diagnosed mental illnesses today. These three illnesses have short term as well as long term effects that can leave a damaging toll on the patients’ lives and are very hard to overcome. This is shown through not only the characteristics of Anorexia nervosa, Bulimia Nervosa, Binge-eating Disease, but also through the psychological and physical harm theseRead MoreEating Disorders And Eating Disorder1496 Words   |  6 PagesAn eating disorder is an illness that causes serious disturbances to your everyday diet, such as eating extremely small amounts of food or severely overeating. A person with an eating disorder may have started out just eating smaller or larger amount of food, but as some point, the urge to eat less or more has gotten out of control. Severe distress or concern about body weight or shape may also signal an eating disorder. Common eat ing disorders include anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, and a binge-eatingRead MoreEating Disorders : An Eating Disorder Essay771 Words   |  4 Pagesabout you. Benji I suspect you have an eating disorder.in particular, anorexia. An eating disorder is a psychological disorder that interferes with peoples eating habits. Eating disorders falls under the avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder category. Eating disorders are more prevalent in women than in men. Over 10 million women and 10 million men suffer from an eating disorder. But, Anorexia Nervosa is more common among Caucasians. Eating disorders impacts women everyday by inaccurately depicting

An Analysis of President Obama’s Remarks about Marijuana...

In a recent interview with David Remnick, a journalist from The New Yorker magazine, President Barack Obama made some controversial remarks about legalizing marijuana. President Obama stated that he did not think that marijuana was â€Å"more dangerous than alcohol† (Remnick). This comment has caused proponents of legalizing marijuana to praise the President, while opponents are criticizing him for seemingly supporting this banned substance. Author Frank James of NPR.org wrote an article entitled â€Å"Obamas Marijuana Remarks Light Up Legalization Debate.† James explains how those who support legalization were encouraged by Obama’s comments. In contrast, an article published by FoxNews.com entitled â€Å"Taking a Hit: Anti-Drug Groups Rebuke Obama†¦show more content†¦The anti-drug group thinks that the President is giving a picture of the medical downside of the drug and how it is really proceed. Others feel that he is showing a laissez-fair attitude for the issues dealing with marijuana policy. Why is the president not giving a clear guidance of the issues with the drug? What they know about the drug is that it help chemo patients with nausea and glaucoma. Some of the anti-group fear how much can the people in these two states smoke or take before they can get on the road to drive to their destination on. A research with fox show that 64% of people are in favor for legalization marijuana use. People often think that the president is not taking the situation seriously, and is overlooking the topic. In addition, others think that he is going against his cabinet and the drug policy. Not only do they feel Obama is being a hypocrite about the situation, but also they feel that the people who are against it are too. Reading these two articles shows that both of the different parties have a legit reason on why they do not agree or agree with the precaution the government is taking with this topic about drugs. If I had a choice I would not legalize the drug because it causes and add conflict to more problems we are facing in America. Also we are facing bigger problem in this country other than drugs. However, like the articles stated when you think of drugs you think of the poorShow MoreRelatedFundamentals of Hrm263904 Words   |  1056 PagesHRM 28 PART 2 Chapter 3 Chapter 4 THE LEGAL AND ETHICAL CONTEXT OF HRM Equal Employment Opportunity 56 Employee Rights and Discipline 84 PART 3 Chapter 5 Chapter 6 Chapter 7 STAFFING THE ORGANIZATION Human Resource Planning and Job Analysis 110 Recruiting 132 Foundations of Selection 154 PART 4 Chapter 8 Chapter 9 TRAINING AND DEVELOPMENT Socializing, Orienting, and Developing Employees 182 Managing Careers 208 PART 5 Chapter 10 Chapter 11 Chapter 12 Chapter 13 MAINTAINING

Trait And Behavioural Theories of Leadership †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Trait And Behavioural Theories of Leadership. Answer: Recently I have seen The Devils Advocate featuring Al Pacino and Keanu Reeves as Satan and his son in this film. The setting of the movie is quite dark and Keanu, a successful lawyer comes to a different city to join a reputed law firm. Al Pacino is the boss in that firm and one of the most successful lawyers in town. It is seen that Al has a great sense of humour and sometimes what he says actually happens and in any case, no matter how bad those incidents are, Keanu gets benefits. These things agitated Keanu, and when quite astonishingly his wife died, he was sure that something was not right. He confronted Al and got to know that Al is the Satan and he is the son of the Satan. Al wanted to rule the world using his ward and Keanu was dead against it and eventually committed suicide for the benefit of the world. I liked the film very much, but Andrew, my friend did not like the movie much as he thinks that there are too many facts from the Deep South and that is sort of disturbing t o a religious community. The matter of fact is the movie only portrays the inner battle of the good and the bad, and Al pacino as Satan portrays a metaphor for that and Keanu is the representative of the good side. The film only projects the battle between good and bad wrapped by the interesting facts regarding Satan and God and that is why I liked the movie dearly. It is a matter of fact that in United Kingdom there are many organizations where people long to work and themanagement of these organizations always try to keep the workforce motivated and loyal towards the organizations. It is seen that the general workforce is the nucleus of any company and like that, a motivated workforce is an asset for any organization. These organizations in United Kingdom motivate their workforce by using reward and recognition method and also by having wonderful communication within the workforce. Themanagement knows that the managers should have excellent intrapersonal skills to solve any issues that might be bothering the employees. Apart from that rewards for good work and recognition among all the employees certainly boosts the confidence of the employees at the workplace. Thus, it can be said that reward and recognition along with it maintaining a good communication among the workforce would make sure that the organization has increased productivity and profitability. Difference between trait theories and behavioural theories of leadership The leadership theories originated from the study of traits are particularly shared by the leaders and in this case, traits have technically nothing to do with the physical attributes. These trait theories assume that various traits are well suited for the leadership than others and sometimes argue that many great leaders have a combination of numerous traits. According to these theories, the leaders are born leaders and automatically they inherit some traits those are suited for their leadership roles and capability. On the other hand, the behavioural theories stresses on what the leaders are actually doing. These theories do not shed light on inborn abilities, mental traits and on any particular characteristics. It is also seen that if leadership is observable and learnable according to these theories, leadership is something observable and learnable behaviour. Individuals who aspire to become a leader one day can learn these behaviours in the same way and these theories states that leaders are made, and no one has the leadership capability inborn. How to develop effective leaders It is a matter of fact, within an organization, themanagement can effectively train and develop leaders by using five methods and those are provided below. Communication Adaptability Relation building Developing others Developing themselves These are the basic five ways to effectively train and develop leaders within the organization for enhanced motivation between the general workforce and a general increase in productivity and profitability of the organization.

Dystopian Characteristics of the Giver free essay sample

Lois Lowrys The Giver  introduces the reader to the perception of a perfect society based on sameness. The story revolves around young boy named Jonas living in a perfect world called The Community where there is no pain, war, or fear. The weather and every citizens emotions are under control. To everyone living there, the community might seem like the perfect place to live, but they never get to experience what it truly is to live. The creators of Jonass community created a society based on their idea of a utopia, when in reality it is not perfect at all. Specifically, the ideas of no freedoms, no diversity, and no pleasure  are examples of dystopian characteristics.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Unlike a utopian society, the citizens have no ability to chose. They do not get to decide what life will be like for themselves, but instead they are each given an assignment when they reach twelve at the Ceremony of Twelve. We will write a custom essay sample on Dystopian Characteristics of the Giver or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Each citizen is expected to follow the strict set of rules and regulations, including precise speaking and shared feelings at dinner. Every person receives a bike when when they reach nine and that is the only method of transportation allowed. It is against the rules to use a bike before you reach that age. A formal apology is necessary under all circumstances. Having strict laws and regulation eliminates a place for free will. No one in the community is given the ability to chose. Even the Giver did not chose his position. The Giver states, Its the way they live. Its the life that was created for them. Its the same life that you would have, if you had not been chosen as my successor' (Giver 153). By this he explains to Jonas that the people who created the community determine how each individual lives. Jonas is one of only a couple who didnt have to follow this predetermined path.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The makers of the community, the Giver explains, made that choice, the choice to go to Sameness We relinquished color when we relinquished sunshine and did away with difference. We gained control of many things. But we had to let go of others' (Giver 95). By this, he is explaining the choice made in the past to go to sameness. This forced the people of the community to give up many things. For example, nobody except for the Giver and his successor can see colors. When the makers made the choice for  sameness, they did away with color and also emotion. They took away emotions by using pills that assure the people would remain under control. Along with contained emotions, the community also has a steady climate without sunshine. Lack of sun caused color to be removed as well. Nobody except for the person chosen to be Reciever of Memory can witness color.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In other societies, there would be death, illness, pain, etc., but not in Jonass community. The entire weight of the memories of the past are placed on one person in order for others to have no pain. Because of the lack of pain, there is not true pleasure either. Death does not exist in The Community either; Instead of dying, a member was released due to one of three causes. A person could be released by reaching a certain age, as a punishment, or because they have not developed enough to be considered acceptable. For a contributing citizen to be released from the community was a final decision, a terrible punishment, an overwhelming statement of failure (Lowry 2-3).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The Community is seen as a utopia but contains many dystopian characteristics. Everyone except the Giver and Jonas do not know what pain is simply because they have never had to experience it. They live in a world where their life is determined for them at a certain age and they have no way around it. They dont get to decide whether they want feelings or not because that too was already chosen for them. Because of this, they never learn what the meaning of love or be loved.

Get a Fresh Start With Essay Samples For College

Get a Fresh Start With Essay Samples For CollegeDomyessay.bizfree-essay-samples-for-college-critical--paragraph-do-the-vast majority of us will inevitably come across this kind of essay prompt, we are expected to write a response and address this situation, sooner or later. However, most of us will never get a chance to get a large amount of practice before writing our assignment. There are plenty of free samples of essays for college that can be used in preparation for this sort of work. The trick is to study these examples and use them as reference.Part of the fun of using essay prompts is the feeling of being quizzed about what you are writing. It feels more like an exam than a mindless assignment that has been cooked up by the instructor. Still, this is one task that can be greatly improved by taking practice tests beforehand. The greatest benefit to doing so is that it will allow you to write a great first draft that looks polished and professional from the outset.Take a moment to read the school's statement carefully. Know your expectations and the boundaries that you set for yourself. Again, you are being evaluated, so know what the guidelines are, what you should not do, and what you will expect of yourself.You need to know the different types of rules and regulations that govern this type of assignment. Do not shy away from the fact that some colleges require specific formats and styles for these papers. This means that you have to be able to compose your document properly. Format is a big part of it, but it is also a quality aspect that you need to take seriously. Your essay will be published, so you want to make sure that you deliver the work to the best of your ability.If your college essay writers give you specific format requirements, stick to those. Keep the rules as simple as possible. Avoid the temptation to make them too complicated.Try writing in both your native and English language. There are people who prefer to write in their native langu age because they feel it gives them more control, but if you are not comfortable with writing in both languages, feel free to write only in your native tongue. Many people find this makes the job a lot easier.When you sit down to write your essay, try to write out as much as you can in your own words at the time. Put your ideas into words before you consider using a style. Use your own voice to make it clear that you are speaking your mind and not simply filling in the blanks. Write from the heart and not just the head.Remember that this is your final product and that it is intended to convey your opinion about what happened in the moment. Resist the urge to use someone else's words or anecdotes and instead speak from your own experience. By putting yourself in the story, you will be able to clearly express yourself and the author will be able to fully appreciate your effort. To put it another way, 'original' writing should be original enough to capture the reader's attention.

What Was The Main Cause Of The English Civil War Essay Example

What Was The Main Cause Of The English Civil War Essay The first English Civil War took place between parliamentarians and royalists over the course of four years, from 1642 to 1646. It consisted of much political conspiracy and armed contention from both sides who had encountered great difficulty in co-operating during the flawed reign of Charles I.The war was a result of parliaments general frustration at the monarchs policies, and the influence of the conflicts in Ireland and Scotland. Parliaments ultimate aim was not to dispose of Charles I from the throne, but to pressurize and obligate the King to abide by the policies in which they desire the country to be run. Supporters of Charles were to battle against parliament, and so began the events of the civil war.This essay will consider the causes of the civil war through events preceding 1642 from a series of different aspects. Social, political, economic, religious and military accounts will be excogitated and I will venture to find a conclusion to what I believe was the most notable in motivating the war.Charles I was a highly introverted character during his time as King of England and Scotland. He did not enjoy speaking or having any satisfactory form of communication to the public that he ruled over, and suffered from poor social skills. As a supporter of Arminianism, he abided by the divine right of kings, allowing him to remain silent in times of public commotion. From 1629 to 1640, he governed under a personal rule (also known as the Eleven Years Tyranny) and was capable of operating without the need for a parliamentary system to do this, he had to cut his expenditure drastically and sign peace treaties with France and Spain early in his rule to prevent further wars. This also brought in increased customs revenue as English trade and commerce had been revived at this time of peace. It proved a highly controversial manner to reign and was heavily criticized from all quarters.Charles refused to compromise on his adherence towards Episcopacy and this culmi nated in the Root Branch Petition of 1640, of which consisted of 15,000 London-based signatures from those who were suffering at the time against the Kings policies. Many people were suspicious of this church-led government and preferred the idea of its abolishment. This represented peoples unease towards Charles approach, and highlighted his social and political naivety. Historian Christopher Hill believed that these events were part of a social movement that stemmed from a class war (The state power protecting an old order that was essentially feudal was violently overthrown, power passed into the hands of a new class, and so the freer development of capitalism was made possible. The civil war was a class war) and that those under the rule at the time felt that they needed a new voice.As previously implied, Charles personal rule cut off almost all political input from any area and this not only isolated many politicians but also this creative reform (as referred to by recent histo rians such as Kevin Sharpe) brought about many mistakes and dubious decision making. One of the most notable was being drawn into war in Scotland Presbyterians had viciously reacted against the reformation of the church in the country and drew Charles into a war, therefore forcing him to recall parliament in April 1640 for the first time in over a decade to help fund the impending struggle. Although the House of Commons had allowed these imbursements, it was eventually demanded that the issue of Charles Personal Rule and its various violations of power must be addressed. Neither Charles nor his opposition could reach any kind of conclusion and the Short Parliament was disbanded in May.After a denigrating degradation in the attempt to defeat Scotland, Charles was faced with the Treaty of Ripon, which demanded reparations for the damages caused towards the Scottish army. Following this, Charles summoned the magnum concilium, who were the Kings hereditary counsellors a bizarre decisi on considering that it had not been summoned for centuries. They advised the King to recall Parliament once again to cope with the consequences of the Bishops Wars, which was the case in November with the formation of the Long Parliament. However, this proved as problematic as events earlier in the year for Charles, as he became worried that the people in control, notably leader John Pym, were attempting to restrict his power and undermine the rule and policies that were in place.His fears were realized in February of 1641 when the Triennial Act was passed; preventing Charles from dissolving Parliament if and when he pleased, while enforcing a mandatory condition noting that it must be called once every three years. Shortly after, the King was backed into more concessions, including the illegalization of ship money and the abolishment of the Courts of Star Chamber and Court of High Commission, two feared arbitrary courts in which Archbishop William Laud punished those who refused to accept religious reforms, which were widely despised. These events would culminate in the Grand Remonstrance of November 1641 initially proposed by Pym, an exceptionally detailed account of Charles transgressions and misdemeanours throughout the time he had reigned as King; a vital factor precipitating the English Civil War. The King long delayed releasing a reply until Parliament threatened to publically release the document, forcing a quick response. In spite of seemingly moderate negotiations, rumours began to circulate that Parliament had intentions of impeaching Queen Henrietta Maria. Charles was fiercely defensive of his Catholic wife and as a result of hearing this; he no longer felt safe in London and fled north to raise an army.The aforementioned ship money was an obsolete feudal tax reinstated during Charles Personal Rule, and was used to pay for ships to protect the country from foreign encroachment. Everyone was made to bear its expense and it proved fatally unpopular as it faced much opposition, especially in the years 1635 and 1636 when the second and third writs were issued. Charles pursued the collection of this in time of peace, contrasting to the reigns of Edwards I and III when they only converged it during wartime the royal courts, however, declared that the levy of ship money was within the Kings prerogative as it was raising money without the reconvention of Parliament. Other taxes that Charles imposed notably included the Distraint of Knighthood, based on a thirteenth century custom which required freeholders who owned land worth up to à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½40 a year to attend the Kings coronation in order to be knighted. In 1630, those who did not turn up were fined, and thereafter had to buy their knighthoods, as well as becoming liable to further taxes as a result of their elevated social status. People with property within limits of the boundaries of the Royal forests during Edward Is reign were fined for encroachment, and the Court of Ward s was exploited so that the King became an acting guardian to the children of rich parents who had passed away, profiting by selling the estates that those children would have acquired through inheritance.Also during the Personal Rule, Charles foreign policy revolved around isolating England from any non-domestic conflict. This, of course, compensated for the lack of funds as did the avoidance of any major innovations in the countrys communities. People were upset with the lack of advances at the time and this represents another reason as to why many people felt disgruntled under Charles reign.Another factor that enraged the public was Charles lifestyle and expensive taste. He held a firm interest in art and culture and purchased many paintings and portraits from established artists, such as Raphael and Titian (his collection of art was later dispersed by Oliver Cromwell). They felt that because they had limited resources on which to survive at this time, it was unfair of the King to spend abnormally high amounts of money on products that he could have easily survived without.Charles lifestyle was reflected in his religious practice. Whereas Protestants favoured a plainer approach towards worship and their churches, the King was far more elaborate in these issues, enjoying a high Anglican form of worship which was deeply ritualistic and extensively decorated.Many Protestants believed that Charles secretly followed the Catholic religion. Henrietta Maria was one herself and this did nothing but increase the speculation, many linking the sacramental direction in which the church was heading to the threat of Roman Catholicism and as referenced by historian Robert Clifton, a fear of Popery. The reign of Mary I still survived long in the memory of many peoples minds, where non-Catholics were frequently burned at the stake in what is referred to as the Marian Persecutions.William Laud was Charles political advisor, and both shared the same religious attitude. Archbi shop of Canterbury in 1633, he was the pioneer of several religious reforms, all of which were unpopular. These included closing Puritan organizations (Puritans took place in the Great Migration, moving to Massachusetts to escape from the system) and advocating Arminian liturgy a move seen as heretical beyond belief by devout Calvinists, who saw their theologies overlooked and ignored. The unpopularity of Laud and suppression of the idealism that England was used to was undoubtedly a major factor in causing the Civil War.The Court of High Commission and the Court of Star Chamber were used to punish those who did not abide by and accept the reforms applied by Charles and William Laud. The Star Chamber was especially brutal, torturing by many different methods in order to reveal testimonies and evidence. Lawyer William Prynne and John Lilburne were notable victims of the court for their idealisms Lilburnes case was a decisive factor in Parliaments decision to enforce the Habeas Corp us Act 1640, shutting down the court which had become such a pivotal element in the abuse of Charles power during the Personal Rule.Arguably the most prominent circumstance in religious events was Charles decision to introduce the Book of Common Prayer in Scotland in 1637 with no attempt to consult figures of authority beforehand. Scottish Presbyterians vehemently objected to its ordered usage in riotous outbursts across the country, memorably in St. Giles Cathedral of Edinburgh where an item was alleged to have been thrown at the head minister by a market trader named Jenny Geddes an incident which sparked riots leading to the Bishops Wars and, eventually, the Civil War. The Bishops Wars in 1639 and 1640 were two armed encounters featuring Charles and a coalition of forces against Scottish Covenanters, after the Episcopalian government he had imposed was replaced with Presbyterian control in 1638 a move that Charles felt had undermined his authority and power in a shocking act of rebellion. This religious conflict left Charles with no choice but to reintroduce Parliament, marking the Bishops Wars as an important precursor to the Civil War.The religious tension documented above also spread to Ireland, however the threat was in reverse here. Ireland, a predominantly Catholic country, feared a Protestant invasion. As Charles had been defeated by a considerable margin in the Bishops Wars, he turned to the Irish Catholic gentry for military assistance in ending the rebellions in Scotland, and in return would grant them the opportunity to openly practice their religion. The violent anarchy that broke out in October 1641 lasted until the following summer with the formation of the Catholic Confederation, which would organize a war effort against the remaining British armies in Ireland.An additional military cause was the Militia Ordinance of March 1642. Parliament passed this without the Kings consent, as with many other things at the time. Control over the Militia became disputable, as when Charles attempted to arrest five Parliamentarians in January of that year, he lost a considerable amount of trust from them and as a result, they denied the King control of Military forces. This would have made the possibility of conflict more improbable as Charles could not take an army and use it against Parliament, but because the Militia Ordinance was passed without receiving the royal assent, it was unprecedented and this Parliamentary sovereignty only served to increase the likelihood of war.Charles chose to oppose the Militia Ordinance by reviving the Commission of Array, which was a previously obsolete method of raising troops. Its aim was to basically prepare all fit inhabitants of a village for war, and this was the most obvious indication of all that the Civil War was inevitable. By June, most of the Royalist supporters had returned to their local districts to gather support for the upcoming war, as a document of nineteen propositions were rais ed by Parliamentarians, one of which stating that The education of the Kings children shall be approved by Parliament, and no marriage for any of the Kings children without the consent of Parliament. This was unacceptable for Charles, as were numerous other points which ensured Parliaments aim was to control the country, rendering Charles in a near-powerless state. In August, Charles had raised his standard in Nottingham and the Civil War had begun.Overall, the causes of the Civil War were widespread over several different aspects. Some were more important than others, however all contributed greatly over the course of the Personal Rule and the Parliamentary reforms that followed. There were moderately significant causes, such as the introverted personality of Charles I and his unwillingness to co-operate in a consistent manner a social aspect that under the circumstances of the country proved difficult to work around as the dissolution of Parliament was a central issue, and the la ck of funds meant the King had to increase revenue by introducing taxes, such as the notorious ship money an economic decision which enraged the public, as did many others. On a par with the importance of these social and economic expressions were that of military events, and the restriction of the power to control armies by Parliament, and the Irish Rebellion. However, I believe that religious issues were of a much more important nature. It is evident that there was a massive divide in the beliefs of the country, and as people are passionate about their beliefs, they will stand up to what they see as true and would be enraged if their reckonings were to be challenged, let alone deal with the abrupt imposition of something completely different (the enforcement of the Common Book of Prayer in Scotland, c. 1637).In conclusion, and in spite of the importance of religion during these times, my opinion is that the political causes outweigh all else, in particular the intrusions on Charl es policies by the John Pym-led Long Parliament in 1641. The Grand Remonstrance was a direct attack on the King, as were a series of other statements issued and, as a monarch, Charles only option was to enter into war to quell the threat that Parliament pressured, as life alongside it had become intolerable while having the majority of his power limited considerably and his reputation tarnished.

8 TV Shows That Will Make You a Better Novelist

8 TV Shows That Will Make You a Better Novelist Netflix Write: 8 Shows That Will Make You a Better Novelist Reedsy editor and novelist Andrew Lowe highlights an excellent way to improve your writing craft without the need to read a word or skip a YouTube ad. You’ve probably already absorbed it without even knowing. It will enhance your story if the key characters all want different versions of the same thing, or if their change or development is influenced by a unifying theme. You don’t want characters to feel like ciphers; window-dressing for the story. You want them to be an integral part of the way the story functions. The way to do this is to be absolutely clear about your theme. You need to be able to answer that second question with total confidence; ideally, in the fewest possible words.In the Duffer Brothers’ Stranger Things, they’ve boiled their theme down to a single four-letter word: loss. Joyce is a mother who’s lost her son, Will. Jim is a police officer who’s lost his daughter to cancer. Eleven is a young girl who’s lost her childhood. Mike, Dustin, and Lucas have lost a friend. Jonathan Byers has lost his younger brother and his father. What can @netflix's #StrangerThings teach authors about 'theme'? All the characters are pulling in the same direction, and so all the writers have to do is examine their differing motivations as the characters set about finding the things they’ve lost or achieving some kind of related redemption. If you can set your story around a potent central theme, then it will go a long way towards making your characters believable, your story multilayered and - a big bonus, this - because of the clear focus, that dreaded synopsis will be a lot easier to write.Where to watch? NetflixOr if you want to read some of the books that inspired the series, check out our quintessential Stranger Things book list here!Andrew Lowe is one of our top copy-editors on  Reedsy, and you can visit his profile here. His novels The Ghost and Savages  are  available now.What have  you learned about writing by watching  your own favorite TV series? Share your thoughts in the comments below, but be warned once more: there will be spoilers.